<p>The Uptown Theater, an Art Deco building built in 1927, is situated in Philadelphia, in the state of Pennsylvania. Designed by the Philadelphia-based architectural firm of Magaziner, Eberhard & Harris, the theatre is located on 2240 N. Broad Street. It became a major venue on the Chitlin&#39; Circuit, from 1951–1978. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.</p><br>
<p>It reopened for a short time, as a church, in the 1980s until water damage occurred and caused it to close in the early 90s. In 2001, the Uptown Entertainment and Development Corporation bought the building with plans for renovation.</p><br>
<h2>Beginnings</h2><br>
<p>Opened on February 16, 1929, the 2,040 seat, 50,000 square foot Uptown Theater was built for sound, specifically the new talkies of the time, made by Warner Brothers. Designed by Louis Magaziner, it featured a lavish interior, with four floors of office space above. The interior consisted of stained glass, high ceilings, and terracotta. As the industrial age peaked in America, North Philadelphia became a working man&#39;s town. A large influx of European immigrants moved to the northern part of the city, and moved into the newly developed rowhouses.</p><br>
<p>In addition to the new immigrants, North Philadelphia also became the home to many fashionable mansions of the upper and upper-middle class. Executives from nearby factories lived in Victorian brownstones, some with turrets and mansard roofs, which lined the streets of North Philly. Along Broad Street were the grand mansions of many industrialists. Lower North Philadelphia in particular housed a number the nouveau riche; ambitious first or second generation immigrants or that had made their fortunes starting manufacturing firms.</p><br>
<p>The theater was originally built for the nouveau riche of the area. Unknowingly, it opened up on the eve of the Great Depression, which in turn had a great effect on the neighborhood. Over the next few decades The Great Depression, outsourcing, and white flight took their toll on North Philadelphia in a fashion similar to other major US cities of the mid to late 20th century, if not in a more pronounced fashion. While some small areas had long housed primarily African-American residents, redlining, racist loan companies, and rising unemployment led white residents out of the city, and forced blacks in. Black doctors, lawyers, politicians and preachers took over the grand mansions along Diamond Street, while middle and lower class blacks moved into the rowhouses that were once predominately white.</p><br>
<h2>The Golden Years</h2><br>
<p>In 1951 the Uptown Theatre was bought by Sam Stiefel, who also owned Washingtons Howard Theatre and Baltimores Royal Theatre, and became part of the "chitlin circuit," hosting live music shows that were primarily rhythm and blues, soul, and gospel directed towards an African American audience. The performances at the Uptown Theater came to rival those at Harlem&#39;s Apollo Theater. In 1957, Georgie Woods of WDAS (AM) fame started to produce shows at the Uptown Theater. In 1960, Sid Booker became the manager of the theater, and remained so until 1979. In 1961, the venue was sold by Mrs. Bert Steifel to a large chain corporation, after managing it for only two months following the death of the Steifel brothers, who owned it for many years</p><br>
<h3>Performances</h3><br>
<p>Many different types of shows went on at the venue during its prime. Usually, each show consisted of multiple artists, usually ten to twelve acts, and they performed in order of popularity. There were several performances a day, and the show usually lasted for about ten days. The first show of the day started at 2pm. The midnight performances of the show cost $2.50, while the earlier shows cost $1.50, and the kiddie matinees cost 50 cents a person. In its early years patrons could arrive on the Broad Street Subway and enter through the theatre&#39;s own subway platform.</p><br>
<p>On Thursday nights, the theater used to have Temple University night, in which many white students would come in and watch performances. Many patrons of the theater would hide in places such as the bathroom to see additional shows in one day. The shows themselves were very competitive in nature, with each act trying to get the biggest rise out of the crowd. Performers and audience members alike dressed up when attending shows at the theater. Performers also tried to impress each other with wowing the crowd with the best dance moves as well. Artists were not often booked for a lot of money. Georgie Woods was able to book the Supremes for $400 for a full 10-day run.</p><br>
<p>Not only did musicians perform at the Uptown Theater, but comedians such as Redd Foxx and Flip Wilson used to open for the acts. The venue itself was unique in that it had its own house band. Bill Masse was band leader of the band until he died in 1961. In 1963 Sam Reed became leader of the house band, which was well known amongst artists in the chitlin circuit. According to The Philadelphia Inquirer, by 1971 the shows were grossing $250,000 a year. During the rest of the month when performers were not in town, movies usually played. There were also jazz shows where local and famous jazz performers took the stage. The shows were not characterized by the rowdy crowds that accompanied the shows promoted by Georgie Woods.</p><br>
<p>The Uptown Theater was also famous for its amateur nights in which local artists would compete for various prizes. Many artists got their start in the music industry due to these amateur nights. One such person that started their career at the Uptown Theater was Daryl Hall of Hall & Oates. Hall, who attended the nearby Temple University, won a talent show playing with his then group, the Temptones. This was before pairing up with Oates. The group, backed by the James Brown Band, won the contest thus getting Hall his first record deal.</p><br>
<h3>Civil rights</h3><br>
<p>The theater was a hotbed for civil rights activism, especially in the form of music. Georgie Woods produced shows at the theater, called freedom shows, in which artists played to promote civil rights, and the money generated at these shows went to charities of Georgie Woods&#39; choice, regardless of creed, color or religion. In 1967, Georgie Woods staged a special show for wounded veterans from the Vietnam War that were from the Philadelphia area.</p><br>
<p>The theater also became an important landmark for civil rights in Philadelphia. Cecil Moore was a Philadelphia lawyer that was extremely involved in civil rights, and was a close friend of Georgie Woods, and was also involved in the freedom shows.</p><br>
<p>In 1963, Georgie Woods, Jackie Wilson, and Del Shields won awards at the Uptown Theater from the Philadelphia branch of the NAACP for being entertainers that were actively involved in civil rights. Also, the famous 1964 Philadelphia race riot happened blocks from the theater, and when it occurred Commissioner Howard R. Leary had Georgie Woods come talk to and calm down the crowd, which eventually dispersed as per his request. His influence on the community was so great, showed how important the Uptown Theater was for the residents of North Philadelphia.</p><br>
<h3>Neighborhood</h3><br>
<p>By the late 1950s, North Philadelphia was the epicenter of Philadelphias African-American community. It was a vibrant place populated by all classes. There were dozens of factories, numerous clubs along Columbia Avenue, shops and restaurants all over the place, and the Uptown—which evolved into a mecca for live music. Many family owned businesses around the theater became popular spots for the performers and audience members alike. Many of the performers would eat at Miss Pearls house, which was located right behind the venue on Carlisle Street.</p><br>
<p>In addition to that, many of them got their hair done at Don&#39;s Doo Shop, which was and still owned by Don Williams, right around the corner on 15th Street and Susquehanna Avenue. Many of the artists stayed at the Ben Motor Inn on 22nd Street and Spring Garden. The neighborhood was often noted to be tight-knit, where many people living in the area worked in the nearby factories and knew each other by name. The area surrounding the theater was also unique in that it did not provide a lot of space for parking, so many people walked or took public transportation to the Uptown.</p><br>
<h2>Later years and decline</h2><br>
<p>Eventually, the riots and the manufacturing exodus of the 1960s occurred, and the gang wars of the 1970s. By 1978, the Uptown was too small for the major acts, in an area with high crime. In 1971, Sam Reed, who was leader of the house band in the 1960s stepped down. In December 1971, there were frequent concert gang fights that broke out. In 1972, Georgie Woods stopped producing shows at the Uptown Theater, mainly because of the drugs and violence in the surrounding neighborhood of the theater. In May 1972, shows stopped playing at all at the venue, and in 1978 the Uptown Theater ultimately closed.</p><br>
<p>Other reasons led to the decline of theaters similar to the venue. The music industry had changed significantly from when the theater was in its prime. Black artists were now able to cross over, and play in venues such as ones in Atlantic City and Las Vegas. Musicians that played there were able to perform at larger venues and make more profit. Georgie Woods also stated in an interview that the existence of booking agencies made it harder to book acts because they would ask for more money.</p><br>
<p>There was a point in time when black artists could only be heard if they went to Georgie Woods, but once music became integrated. Also, the decline of independent record stores disabled local artists from being able to promote their music. On the other hand, music became more integrated, so many radio stations only played a sampling of rhythm and blues, as opposed to stations that used to solely play rhythm and blues. Many artists started to cross over into pop, so they were less inclined to play at theaters such as the Uptown.</p><br>
<p>The neighborhood also changed dramatically. Many of the businesses started to decline because they catered to the Uptown clientele and lost them once the theater closed.</p><br>
<p>The Uptown briefly reopened in the 1980s as a church. A church group held services there until a 1991 storm damaged the roof, allowing water to pucker the painted walls and corrode the gilded auditorium. After the congregation left, the only people who entered were "thieves, crackheads and taggers." More recently, members of the community gathered at the Uptown to mourn the death of Michael Jackson.</p><br>
<h2>Uptown Entertainment and Development Corporation (UEDC)</h2><br>
<p>The Uptown Entertainment and Development Corporation (UEDC) is a Community Development Corporation that was incorporated as a nonprofit in 1995. It acquired the theater building in 2001. Fund raising and renovation work were ongoing in 2018 and a 2020 re-opening was anticipated. However the work stalled due to Covid-19 shutdowns and an attrition of board leadership. In February 2022 the UEDC had new leadership and was restarting the renovation work. The group declined to anticipate a new opening date after having missed that goal in the past.</p><br>
<p>The Pocahontas County Opera House is located in rural Marlinton, West Virginia. Court reporter J.G. Tilton, of Mount Vernon, Ohio, built the original building in 1907. In 1910, the current building was added on. It currently serves as a performance venue for local and traveling performers as well as a community center for county residents, although it has at times been a newspaper, a roller rink, and a car dealership. The Pocahontas County Opera House Foundation operates as a non-profit to oversee programmatic aspects of the venue.</p><br>
<p>The Opera House also serves as a community center. Many organizations host suppers, meetings square dances, and even weddings at the facility. The Foundation also hosts music jams and movie nights for Pocahontas County, West Virginia residents.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Pocahontas Opera House was originally built in 1910 by lumber businessman and publisher of the Marlinton Messenger, J. G. Tilton. Marlinton was the epicenter of the regions lumber business at the time.</p><br>
<p>In the early twentieth century, groups from as far away as New York performed in this booming railroad town. In 1912, Tilton&#39;s newspaper, the Marlinton Messenger, was published in the Opera House. County fairs, basketball games, and other community events took place in the space as well. As the railroad economy changed, Tilton sold the building. Throughout the rest of the century it was used for various purposes such as a lumberyard and a car dealership.</p><br>
<p>In 1991, the Pocahontas County Historic Landmarks Commission bought the property. At that time, there was no floor or stage in the Opera House. Through community donations and support, the Commission restored the Opera House to its present state in 1998 when the Pocahontas County Opera House Foundation formed. The Foundation oversees the performance series which includes various musical genres from bluegrass to salsa to classical to jazz. The season also includes dance and theater.</p><br>
<p>The Opera House received a facelift in 2021, with patching of the mortar parging of the historic building and new exterior paint by a company specializing in such work on historic buildings.</p><br>
<p>The Samuel Brooks House is located on Pleasant Hill Road north of the hamlet of Mountainville in the Town of Cornwall, New York, United States. It is a cottage in a mix of Victorian architectural styles, most notably Carpenter Gothic and Stick Style, built around 1860.</p><br>
<p>Its location, near Schunemunk Mountain, and architecture made it a desirable location for the summer boarders who made Cornwall a popular resort community in the late 19th century. It survives mostly intact today. In 1996 it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP).</p><br>
<h2>Property</h2><br>
<p>The house sits back from Pleasant Hill Road at the end of a semicircular driveway. There are two barns near it, both part of Brooks&#39; original farm, long since subdivided. Both are considered contributing resources to the NRHP listing.</p><br>
<p>Two and a half stories high with a setback southern wing one story shorter, the five-bay house is sided in clapboard. Its cross-gabled roof, shingled in asphalt, is trimmed with a plain molded cornice with plain frieze and ornate carved vergeboards in the gables, framing a pointed-arch window with hood molding on the more-visible southern and eastern faces. A brick chimney rises from the north end.</p><br>
<p>A small wooden front entrance porch has a flat roof, bracketed cornice, piers with similar capitals and a cutout railing in between, and a plain frieze. The wing and west (rear) face have similar porches without the cutouts.</p><br>
<p>The paneled wooden door leads to a central hall. Many of the finishings and trim in the 3,066 ft&sup2; of interior space on both stories is original.</p><br>
<p>Behind the house is a two-story vertical-sided wooden barn with a cross-gabled roof shingled in wood. The other barn, to the northwest, is sided in wood shingles with a gabled asphalt roof. Both are remnants of the original farm.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Brooks, a descendant of one of Cornwall&#39;s oldest families, built this as a farmhouse around 1860. After the Civil War, summer boarders from New York City began coming to Cornwall, and Brooks quickly adapted it for use as a boardinghouse.</p><br>
<p>The house has remained a residence ever since. Since September 2008, it has been for sale.</p><br>
<p>Warrenton Historic District is a national historic district located at Warrenton, Warren County, North Carolina. The district encompasses 202 contributing buildings in the central business district and surrounding residential sections of Warrenton. The district developed between about 1840 and 1926, and includes notable examples of Early Republic, Greek Revival, and Late Victorian architecture. Notable buildings include the Falkener House, Macon Street House, Peter Davis Store, Jones-Cook House , Eaton Place , Sommerville-Graham House  by Jacob W. Holt, Presbyterian Church also by Holt, Baptist Church, Methodist Episcopal Church, Miles Hardware Store, Warrenton City Hall, Warrenton Hotel, John Graham School, and the USA Post Office.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976, with boundary alterations approved in 2024.</p><br>
<p>Jacob Dingee House is a historic home located at Wilmington, New Castle County, Delaware. It was built about 1771, and is an example of an 18th-century urban residence continually occupied by working families. It is a two-story, brick dwelling consisting of a 17 feet, 5 inches wide by 24 feet deep main block connected to a 13 feet, 8 inch wide, and 31 feet deep rear wing by a 10 feet wide, 6 feet long connector wing. It is adjacent to the Obidiah Dingee House. In 1976, it was moved from its original location at 105 E. 7th Street to Willingtown Square of the Delaware Historical Society.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1970.</p><br>
<p>Obidiah Dingee House, also known as the Obadiah Dingee House, is a historic home located at Wilmington, New Castle County, Delaware. It was built about 1771, and is an example of an 18th-century urban residence continually occupied by working families. It is a two-story, brick dwelling consisting of a 19 feet, 6 inches wide by 24 feet deep main block with a rear wing. It is adjacent to the Jacob Dingee House. In 1976, it was moved from its original location at 107 E. 7th Street to Willingtown Square of the Delaware Historical Society.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1970.</p><br>
<p>The Kansas City Southern Depot in Vivian, Louisiana was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1995.</p><br>
<p>It is a one-story brownish-red brick building with Craftsman influence that was built in 1921.</p><br>
<p>The building is now home to the Vivian Railroad Station Museum and is operated by the Historical Society of North Caddo. The museum features railroad artifacts, photos, and displays about North Caddo Parish history.</p><br>
<p>Shreveport Municipal Memorial Auditorium is a historic performance and meeting venue at 705 Elvis Presley Boulevard in Shreveport, Louisiana. It is an Art Deco building constructed between 1926 and 1929 during the administration of Mayor Lee Emmett Thomas as a memorial to the servicemen of World War I. In 1991, the auditorium was listed on the National Register of Historic Places and on October 6, 2008, it was designated a National Historic Landmark.</p><br>
<p>The building also became a contributing property of Shreveport Commercial Historic District when its boundaries were increased on.</p><br>
<h2>Design</h2><br>
<p>The building was designed by architects Samuel G. Wiener Sr., and Seymour Van Os, both of the firm of Jones, Roessle, Olschner & Wiener of Shreveport. Contractor for construction was the Ashton Glassell Company, also of Shreveport.</p><br>
<h2>Stage of Stars Museum</h2><br>
<p>The Municipal Memorial Auditorium houses the Stage of Stars Museum, and a 3,200-seat auditorium, which is used for concerts, family shows, Broadway plays, boxing, and other special events. It is nationally significant, and was designated a National Historic Landmark, for hosting the Louisiana Hayride radio program, hosted by Frank Page (1925-2013). During its heyday, from 1948 to 1960, the program spawned the careers of some of the greatest names in American Country and Rockabilly music. The Hayride regularly featured performers, such as Hank Williams, Slim Whitman, Jim Reeves, Johnny Cash, Johnny Horton, and Elvis Presley, who got his start at this venue.</p><br>
<h2>Renovations</h2><br>
<p>The auditorium underwent renovations from 1994 through 2004. Recent improvements to the auditorium have included air conditioning, renovated restrooms, installation of ramps and an elevator.</p><br>
<p>Buffalo Presbyterian Church is a historic Presbyterian Church located in Pamplin, Prince Edward County, Virginia. Built about 1804, it is a simple frame weather-boarded structure with a gable roof covered with standing seam metal. Early in the 20th century the front of the church was reoriented to the east and, in 1931, an addition was made, consisting of an entrance vestibule flanked on either side by a small classroom. Also on the property is the contributing church cemetery, with a number of stone markers, the earliest of which is dated 1832. The congregation of Buffalo was formed in 1739 and is the earliest extant Presbyterian congregation in Southside Virginia.</p><br>
<p>According to "Pioneer Presbeteryian Congregations", as of 1989, a pulpit space was later added to the back of the building and two rooms were built on the front. The building which once had a gallery for African-Americans is still heated by old wood stoves.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1995.</p><br>
<p>Rev. Richard Sankey began here in 1759, becoming the first installed minister, and building their first log meeting house about one-half mile from the present site. It burned in the 1780s. In 1775, his congregation, at his behest, helped to raise funds in order to create Hampden-Sydney college in 1775. He was honored as the preacher at the opening of the Synod of Virginia in 1788.</p><br>
<p>The East Jefferson Avenue Residential District in Detroit, Michigan, includes the Thematic Resource  in the multiple property submission to the National Register of Historic Places which was approved on October 9, 1985. The structures are single-family and multiple-unit residential buildings with construction dates spanning nearly a century, from 1835 to 1931. The area is located on the lower east side of the city.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The road that is now East Jefferson Avenue existed from the earliest days of Detroit. Then known as the "River Road," it paralleled the Detroit River east of Detroit, connecting the French ribbon farms to Ste. Anne Street in the heart of Detroit. After the disastrous fire of 1805, Judge Augustus Woodward platted out a new design for the city, widening Ste. Anne St. and renaming it (and the connecting River Road) "Jefferson Avenue" in honor of Thomas Jefferson.</p><br>
<p>Jefferson quickly became the commercial nexus of Detroit; by 1820 over half the businesses on the city were located on the avenue. Additionally, many prominent Detroit residents of the time lived along Jefferson, including Charles Christopher Trowbridge, William Hull, Solomon Sibley, John R. Williams, Antoine Dequindre, Joseph Campau, Oliver Newberry, and Oliver Miller. As Detroit grew and city services expanded, Jefferson was one of the first streets to obtain new installations, getting iron water pipes in 1838, a horse-drawn bus line in 1847, horse-drawn rail in 1863, electric arc lighting in 1883, and asphalt pavement in 1892.</p><br>
<p>After the Civil War, many newly prosperous Detroit citizens built prestigious homes along Jefferson in a variety of popular architectural styles, including Gothic Revival, Richardsonian Romanesque, Queen Anne, and Italianate.</p><br>
<p>As the 19th century drew to a close and the 20th century began, the area around Jefferson Avenue became more industrialized. Wealthy residents, spurred by the availability of streetcar lines (and later, the automobiles), moved farther from the city center, leaving Jefferson Avenue behind. However, the booming city economy and influx of new residents in the 1910s increased demand for new housing. East Jefferson Avenue became an epicenter for new luxury apartment buildings, built particularly in the 1920s and 1930s.</p><br>
<p>Following World War II, East Jefferson became more commercial with the introduction of modern commercial structures. Yet, East Jefferson contains clusters of preserved historic structures.</p><br>
<h2>Gallery of Lost Residences</h2><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The Thematic Resource includes twenty-eight architecturally and historically significant structures, stretching along a scenic three-mile section of East Jefferson Avenue beginning just east of downtown Detroit. Each of the structures included are, in some way, representative of the "high style" architecture of the period. The structures listed have a high degree of architectural integrity, with building alteration primarily confined to interior remodeling or additions; in all buildings, the Jefferson Avenue façade remains substantially intact. Four of the historic structures along East Jefferson listed on the T.R. have been demolished after their addition to the Register.</p><br>
<p>The structures included are as follows:</p><br>
<p>In addition, the following nine residential structures were previously listed on the NRHP, either individually or as part of an historic district:</p><br>
<h2>Significance</h2><br>
<p>The structures in this Thematic Resource vary greatly in style, construction, and use, but all are related by the common theme of residential development and general upper-class nature. Each of the structures included are, in some way, representative of the "high style" architecture of the period. The structures are divided into four groups, according to their original use and construction date.</p><br>
<p>The first group includes the single-family residences built by prominent Detroit citizens before the Civil War. This group includes the Joseph Campau House (1835) and the Alexander Chene House (1855) listed in this T.R., as well as the Charles Trowbridge House (1826) and the Moross House (1855), both listed on the NRHP at an earlier date. These structures are distinguished by their relatively modest appearance, although at the time of their construction they were fashionable homes housing prominent Detroit citizens.</p><br>
<p>The second group includes the single-family residences built by wealthy Detroiters in the latter part of the 19th century and in the early 20th century. This group includes the John N. Bagley House (1889), the William H. Wells House (1889), the Franklin H. Walker House (1896), the Arthur M. Parker House (1901), and the Frederick K. Stearns House (1902), all listed in this T.R., as well as the Thomas A. Parker House (1868), the Croul-Palms House (1881), and homes in the Indian Village Historic District which were listed on the NRHP at an earlier date. These architect-designed structures are distinguished by their elaborate and expensive construction and exemplification of popular architectural styles.</p><br>
<p>The third group includes the large-scale luxury apartment buildings built in the early 20th century. These large, luxurious apartment buildings were the first multiple-unit structures to make inroads into the previously exclusive single-family residential East Jefferson neighborhood, with the Pasadena Apartments (1902) and The Palms (1903) being the earliest examples. The larger apartment buildings continued to be constructed along Jefferson, with the much larger Garden Court Apartments (1915), the Whittier Hotel (1922–1926), and the Alden Park Towers (1922) built over the next two decades, and The Kean (1931) built just as the Great Depression halted construction for years. These structures are distinguished by their relatively large size and (originally) sizable and luxurious apartments.</p><br>
<p>The fourth group includes the more modest (but still well-appointed) smaller scale apartment buildings constructed in the 1910s and 1920s to cater to more upper-middle-class tenants such as automobile company workers and professionals. This group includes the Manchester Apartments (1915), Jefferson Hall (1916), the Ponchartrain Apartments (1920), the Chateau Frontenac Apartments (1925), the Somerset Apartments (1922), and the Hibbard Apartment Building (1924). These structures are distinguished by their smaller scale and less well-appointed but still high quality rooms.</p><br>
<p>The Jersey City YMCA, is located in Bergen Section of Jersey City, Hudson County, New Jersey, United States. The YMCA building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on November 12, 1999. The building is an example of an early twentieth century Renaissance Revival style. Built in 1923, in 1995 the building ceased to be used by the YMCA and was converted into affordable housing.</p><br>
<p>The Samuel Copeland House is a historic house located at 31 Harvard Street in Worcester, Massachusetts. Built c. 1847, the elaborate Greek Revival house is one two in the city with a full temple front. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on March 5, 1980.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Samuel Copeland House is located on the northern fringe of downtown Worcester, on the west side of Harvard Street. It is a -story wood-frame structure, with a front-facing gabled roof and a clapboarded exterior. The building&#39;s facade has a full two-story portico supported by four fluted Corinthian columns. Its triangular full pedimented gable with window framed by foliate decoration. Other windows on the main facade are topped by molded caps on consoles. Building corners are adorned by pilasters. A later single-story ell extends to the left of the main block.</p><br>
<p>The house was built by Samuel Copeland, a toolmaker who eventually founded the Copeland Hardware Manufacturing Company in c. 1865. It is one of only two temple-fronted Greek Revival houses in the city (the other is the Arad Alexander House). Copeland, a native of Thompson, Connecticut, worked for several local manufacturers before establishing his own firm, and claimed credit for inventing the first iron planing machine. Copeland owned the house until about 1863; its subsequent owners included a druggist, merchant, and county treasurer.</p><br>
<p>The Thomas Crabtree Three-Decker is historic triple-decker house in Worcester, Massachusetts. Built in 1914, it is a remarkably well-preserved and detailed example of the style in Worcester&#39;s University Park neighborhood. It has a typical side hall plan, and a hip roof that sports a small gable dormer on the front elevation. It has projecting bays on the front and left sides. Its builder and first owner was Thomas Crabtree, a local factory supervisor.</p><br>
<p>The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.</p><br>
<p>The Crompton Loom Works is an historic industrial complex of the Crompton Corporation at 132-142 Green Street in Worcester, Massachusetts. The factory manufactured looms for textile factories. With its original portion dating to 1860, the complex is one of the oldest surviving industrial sites in the city. The facility was established by George Crompton, whose father William had invented the first power loom for weaving fancy fabrics. The younger Crompton&#39;s business would become of the most significant employers in the city, and his innovative looms would revolutionize the textile industry. Crompton and his successors would operate the loom manufacturing works at Green Street well into the 1960s. The manufacturing capabilities on the site were applied to producing can packaging machines and bowling pinsetters. Capabilities at the Green Street facility included machining, drop hammer forging, a cast iron foundry , wood working, and pattern making, along with a materials testing lab. The building has subsequently been adapted to other uses. The complex was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980, and included as part of the Blackstone Canal Historic District in 1995.</p><br>
<p>The Crompton Loom Works is located south of downtown Worcester, at the junction Green and Harrison Streets. It is a complex of connected brick buildings, ranging in height from one to three stories. The building&#39;s style is industrial Italianate, with quoined building corners and corbelling on the eave of the main tower. Most windows are rectangular, but there are several in an older section that are set in round-arch openings. When first built, the main building was only two stories tall, and was altered several times, with the tower and third floor added in the 1880s.</p><br>
<p>The Crystal Street Historic District is a group of three triple deckers facing University Park in the Main South area of Worcester, Massachusetts. The houses appear to have been built for developer James Harrop, who lived at 30 Crystal Street and owned them for 35 years. At the time of their construction circa 1892, Harrop is described in city directories as a wool sorter, but, over the following years, he became a real estate developer. The houses were built at a time when the area was experiencing significant development due to the extensions of the electrified street cars to the area. Early residents of the buildings would have been skilled laborers and middle-class white collar workers.</p><br>
<p>The three buildings are all well-preserved examples of Queen Anne triple deckers, and they are almost identical in their construction. They follow the standard side hall plan and have a jog on one side. The main facade is three bays wide, but asymmetrical: the bay on one side has the entry covered by a simple gable-roofed porch, and the bay at the opposite end is rounded with a conical roof. The porch on 30 Crystal Street has retained turned porch columns, while those of 32 and 34 have been replaced with square posts.</p><br>
<p>All three buildings have similar exterior finishes. They are clad in clapboards, except for the rounded section, which is sheathed in decorative cut wood shingles. These shingles are also used in banding portions separating the second and third floors.</p><br>
<p>The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.</p><br>
<p>The Frederick Daniels House is a historic house at 148 Lincoln Street in Worcester, Massachusetts. Built about 1885, it is a well-preserved example of Queen Anne Victorian architecture, home to Frederick H. Daniels before he became president of Washburn and Moen, a leading Worcester industrial firm. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Frederick Daniels House is located northeast of downtown Worcester, in the city&#39;s Brittan Square neighborhood. It is on the left side of Lincoln Street (Massachusetts Route 70), just south of Perkins Street. It is a -story structure, with a brick first floor and wood-frame upper levels, covered by a complex gabled roof. The ground floor is trimmed with terra cotta panels and sandstone, with windows set in segmented-arch openings, while the upper floors are finished in a combination of clapboards and decorative shingles. It has porches on the first and second floors, with decorative posts that have jigsawn brackets at the top. The entry porch, set on the left side of the house, has a starburst motif in a gable above its main stairs; a second starburst is found above the street-facing first-floor window.</p><br>
<p>The house was built about 1885. Its first owner, Frederick Daniels, was at that time a supervisor at the Washburn and Moen Wire Company who had worked his way up from humble beginnings. He later rose to become company president, and was a director of USA Steel and a local bank.</p><br>
<p>The Dartmouth Street School is a historic school building at 13 Dartmouth Street in Worcester, Massachusetts. Built in 1894 to a design by noted local architect George Clemence, it is a well-preserved architectural mix of Romanesque and other Late Victorian styles. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980. In 2008 a proposal was floated to convert the building into housing; as of 2012, it stood vacant.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Dartmouth Street School is located in a residential area of southeastern Worcester, on a parcel bounded on the south by Dartmouth Street, the west by Almont Avenue, and the east by Ingleside Avenue. It is a two-story masonry structure, with an eclectic mix of stylistic elements in brick and sandstone. Its corner tower is Queen Anne in conception, but it houses a round-arch entrance opening, and grouped round-arch windows in the Romanesque style, before rising to its pyramidal roof. Its older portion has a hip roof, which is pierced by eyebrow dormers, while the newer portion has a flat roof.</p><br>
<p>The building was designed by local architect George Clemence, and built in two parts. The older, main portion, was built in 1894, and is nearly identical to the Elizabeth Street School, also a Clemence work. It was expanded to its rear in 1908 with a two-story addition that uses similar motifs to the main block, and was little altered thereafter. The neighborhood in which it was built experienced development of a large number of triple decker housing units, necessitating the expansion.</p><br>
<p>The Isaac Davis House is an historic house at 1 Oak Street in Worcester, Massachusetts. It was built in 1870-72 for Isaac Davis , a prominent local lawyer and banker, and is a fine example of Italianate architecture in brick. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980. It is now home to the private Worcester Club.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Isaac Davis House stands in a mixed commercial-residential area west of downtown Worcester, at the northwest corner of Elm and Oak Streets. It is a three-story masonry structure, built primarily out of red brick with brownstone trim, and covered by a low-pitch hip roof. The roof has a modillioned and dentilled cornice, and two similar street-facing main facades. These facades are divided into three bays, with the outer bays consisting of paired windows topped by brownstone architrave caps. The central bays are very slightly recessed, with single windows on the second and third floors. The entries are sheltered by elaborate Corinthian porticos, that on the Oak Street facade being slightly larger.</p><br>
<p>The house was built in 1870-72 for Isaac Davis (1799-1883), a prominent local lawyer and banker who served as Mayor of Worcester, in the state legislature, and on the state board of education. The house was extensively renovated in 1888 to designs by architect Stephen Earle, which were primarily alterations to its interior. After Davis died in 1883, the house was acquired by the Worcester Club, which has occupied it since then, making a number of modest additions to the rear and side.</p><br>
<p>The Joseph Davis House is a historic house at 41 Elm Street in Worcester, Massachusetts. The Shingle style house was built in 1884 to a design by the Boston architectural firm of Peabody & Stearns, and is one of the most elaborate of that style in the city. It was built for Joseph Davis, the son of prominent Worcester lawyer Isaac Davis, and was home for many years to William Rice, president of the Washburn and Moen Company The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980. It now houses professional offices.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Joseph Davis House is located in a mixed residential-commercial area west of downtown Worcester, at the northwest corner of Elm and Linden Streets. It is a sprawling -story frame structure, whose central core has a gambrel roof somewhat obscured by numerous projections and dormers. A large ell extends the building to the rear, which has a main gabled ridge parallel to that of the core block. The exterior is finished in a variety of wooden clapboards and shingles, some of the latter cut in decorative patterns. A single-story shed-roof porch extends across the right side of the front façade, supported by Tuscan columns; it has a gable in front of the main entrance, adorned with applied woodwork.</p><br>
<p>The house was built in 1884 for Joseph Davis, the son of Isaac Davis, and grandson by marriage of Levi Lincoln Jr. The house was built adjacent to the Lincoln mansion (no longer standing). Davis lived there until 1890, selling the property to William Rice, who became president of the Washburn and Moen Company the following year. Washington and Moen, later United States Steel, was one of Worcester&#39;s leading industrial employers. The property remained in the Rice family until 1953.</p><br>
<p>The Rodney Davis Three-Decker is a historic triple decker house in Worcester, Massachusetts. Built in 1894, it is typical of early triple deckers built in the city&#39;s developing Belmont Hill neighborhood, although its more elaborate Queen Anne porch decorations have been lost. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Rodney Davis Three-Decker is located in a residential area on Worcester&#39;s east side Belmont Hill neighborhood, on the south side of Catharine Street between Eastern and Rodney Streets. It is a three-story wood-frame structure, with a hip roof and its exterior finished in modern siding. It has an asymmetrical front facade, with a projecting three-story polygonal bay on the right, and a single bay on the left with the building entrance on the ground floor and windows on the upper floors. The entrance is sheltered by a low-pitch gable roof supported by modern square posts. The porch once had more elaborate Queen Anne decorations, including turned posts and balusters, but these have been lost. The bays have flared skirting below the windows, which was once finished in decorative cut shingles.</p><br>
<p>The house was built about 1894. During this period, Belmont Hill was in the early phase of intensive residential development. Rodney Davis, its first owner, was a draftsman who owned it as a rental property; its early tenants were mostly Scandinavian immigrants.</p><br>
<p>The Frank L. and Mabel H. Dean House is an historic house at 10 Cedar Street in Worcester, Massachusetts. Built in 1901 for a prominent lawyer and politician, it is a well-preserved example of period Colonial Revival architecture, with rare period handpainted wall murals. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2002.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Dean House stands in a formerly residential area a short way northwest of downtown Worcester, at the northwest corner of Linden and Cedar Streets. It is generally surrounded by parking lots. It is a -story wood-frame structure, with a hip roof and clapboarded exterior. It is three bays wide and four deep, with a rear ell that is one bay wide and one bay deep. A two-bay, two-story pavilion projects from the east side of the main body of the house. The house is topped by a high hipped roof with embedded gable dormers; the edges of the roof are flared in a graceful curve. The eaves and raking sections of the roof are trimmed with modillion brackets, below which are a band of dentil molding and a narrow frieze. The interior of the house is elaborately trimmed in wood, and many of the downstairs rooms are decorated with wall murals.</p><br>
<p>The house was built in 1901 for Frank L. Dean, a prominent lawyer and Republican politician. The house was built next door to a fine Second Empire house (now demolished), and not far from the childhood home of Deans wife, Mabel Houghton. Frank Dean served one term as mayor of Worcester in 1903, and then as the personal secretary to Governos Curtis Guild Jr. and Eben Draper. Mabel Houghton Dean was a member of the Worcester Womens Club, an exclusive social and philanthropic organization. Their house is a good example of a generously scaled American Foursquare with Colonial Revival features.</p><br>
<p>The Mary Dean Three-Decker was a historic triple decker house in Worcester, Massachusetts. Built about 1892, it was a relatively rare surviving 19th century "double" triple-decker that had well-preserved Queen Anne styling. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990. It appears to have been demolished sometime after 1999.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Mary Dean Three-Decker stood in Worcester&#39;s Belmont Hill neighborhood, east of downtown, on the south side of Belmont Street (Massachusetts Route 9), opposite the Oakland Place entrance to the UMass Memorial Medical Center. It was a three-story wood frame structure, with its basement partially exposed on the side due to the steeply sloping terrain. It had a roof cornice with paired and single brackets, and a shallow entry portico with a bracketed roof at the center of the street-facing facade. There was a semicircular transom window over the entrance. The entrance was flanked by three-story projecting polygonal window bays</p><br>
<p>The house was built about 1892, and presented a comparatively stylish facade to busy Belmont Street, then undergoing rapid development to meet demand for worker housing. Mary Dean, the early owner, lived on the premises, and owned other properties nearby on Elizabeth Street. A significant number of early tenants came from Armenia, and included workers in the city&#39;s wire works, as well as clerks, bakers, and painters. The building was still standing during a building survey in 1999, but has subsequently been demolished; its site is now a parking lot.</p><br>
<p>The Louis Delsignore Three-Decker is a historic triple decker in Worcester, Massachusetts. Built about 1916, it is the only stuccoed triple decker in the city, and is a symbol of the city&#39;s eastward growth fueled by the arrival of Italian immigrants. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Louis Delsignore Three-Decker is located in Worcester eastern Shrewsbury Street residential area, on the east side of Imperial Road at its junction with Imperial Place. It is a three-story frame structure, with a flat roof that has a deep projecting cornice. The exterior is finished in stucco, believed to be the only triple-decker in the city finished in that way. The front facade is asymmetrical, with a porch stack on the left, and a projecting window bay on the right. Its porch openings have distinctive hood moulds, and the window bays are rounded rather than the more usual polygon shape. A second projecting window bay, shallower than that on the front, is found on the right side. A small garage, also finished in stucco, is set at the back of the property.</p><br>
<p>Built about 1916, its first documented owner was Louis Delsignore, a mason who may have been responsible for its stucco finish. The building&#39;s early owners and occupants were Italian immigrants, a population that was expanding into southeastern Worcester in the first two decades of the 20th century.</p><br>
<p>The Francis Dewey House is a historic house at 71 Elm Street in Worcester, Massachusetts. Built in 1912, it is locally distinctive for its architecturally eclectic design by the Boston firm of Little & Browne. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980. Its owner, Francis H. Dewey, was a prominent lawyer and businessman.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Dewey House is located in a residential area west of downtown Worcester, at the northwest corner of Elm and West Streets. It is a -story wood-frame structure, with its exterior clad in stucco. It is architecturally distinctive, with curving Flemish wall gables rising to urned tops at various points on each facade. The front, facing south, is basically symmetrical, with five sections, the central one projecting slightly. It and the outer sections are topped by the Flemish gables, and all four sections other than the center have two-story polygonal projections. The center section has the main entrance, sheltered by a porch of cast stone with Tuscan columns, entablature, and upper balustrade.</p><br>
<p>The house was built in 1912 to one of three designs submitted to Francis Dewey. They all had a similar footprint, suggesting the structure may incorporate elements of the older (c. 1860) house that had been standing on the property. The selected design was in an eclectic Flemish style; the rejected designs were in Colonial Revival and English Revival (Tudor) styles.</p><br>
<p>The Wilmington Rail Viaduct is a series of fills and bridges, about 4 mi long, that carries the Northeast Corridor through the city of Wilmington, Delaware, above street level. Constructed between 1902 and 1908, the structure consists principally of fills supported by heavy stone retaining walls, punctuated with plate girder bridges over streets, and augmented by a few sections of brick arch viaduct. Its construction is typical of the Pennsylvania Railroad&#39;s architectural practices at the time, and the viaduct has been documented by the Historic American Engineering Record and listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Built by the Pennsylvania Railroad  as part of a series of grade crossing eliminations along the Northeast Corridor, the elevation of the rail line necessitated several other changes to rail infrastructure in Wilmington, including the construction of the Wilmington Shops at the east end of the viaduct, and the construction of the Wilmington Station and adjacent Pennsylvania Railroad Office Building along the elevated right-of-way.</p><br>
<h2>Physical description</h2><br>
<p>The viaduct extends from Vandever Avenue, on its east end (a location on the railroad known as LANDLITH interlocking), across the Brandywine Creek and then roughly parallel to the Christina River through Wilmington Station. The west end of the viaduct is adjacent to the Alban Park neighborhood of Wilmington, an area also known as West Yard.</p><br>
<p>The bulk of the viaduct, from Vandever Avenue to Lower Linden Street, consists of earthen fill (derived from the construction excavation for the viaduct) held between heavy ashlar sandstone retaining walls resting on concrete foundations. Some of the northern sections of the viaduct have fill enclosed in timber cribbing on one side of the right-of-way, but generally the fill is contained with retaining walls on both sides. The ashlar also forms the abutments for the overpasses carrying the railroad tracks across city streets, which are steel plate through girder or deck girder bridges. The fill carries three tracks for much of its length; sidings, some now abandoned, descend to street level by ramps at various points. It was topped with 4 ft of ballast before tracks were laid.</p><br>
<p>The west end of the viaduct, below Lower Linden Street, was constructed as an arched viaduct when the underlying soil was found to be too soft to support the fill carrying the remainder of the line. Originally designed in stone, shortages of sandstone led to the construction of the 41 ft arches in brick, instead. Twelve arches carry the line from Lower Linden Street to the (stone) Beech Street underpass, and twenty arches continue southwest from Beech Street to the former Baltimore and Ohio and Wilmington and Northern underpass. The remainder of the structure to its West Yard end is again of retaining wall and fill construction.</p><br>
<p>The bridge over the Brandywine Creek near the east end of the viaduct had to be replaced to accommodate the newly elevated track level. At the time, this part of the Brandywine was considered navigable water, though rarely used, and the railroad had to construct a moveable bridge to accommodate navigation. The railroad chose to use a swing bridge, and began construction of the center pivot pier in the winter of 1903. The first caisson sunk there was damaged by ice and swept away in a flood. A new caisson was built resumed after the winter passed and a stone-faced concrete pier, 35 ft in diameter, successfully constructed. A second pier was built in the stream to the southwest, leaving two 59 ft channels between the pivot pier and the bank and the pivot and second piers. Icebreakers were built on either side of the pivot pier. (The tidal nature of the Brandywine required both sides of the bridge to be protected from ice.)</p><br>
<p>The superstructure of the bridge was manufactured by the Phoenix Bridge Company. It consists of a 78 ft plate girder from the southwest bank to a fixed pier, and a 158 ft fishbelly girder from that pier to the northeast bank, turning on the pivot pier. It carries three tracks. Two buildings were erected on the bridge, one for a watchman and the signal levers that protected and operated the bridge, and one to house the gasoline engine that turned it.</p><br>
<p>The structure has undergone relatively little modification since its construction. A 1920s electrification program to Wilmington added support structures to string catenary wires along the length of the viaduct. During the early 20th century, the swing bridge over the Brandywine was fixed in place and the engine and control buildings removed. In 1955, the construction of the Walnut Street Bridge required an undergrade bridge to be built to carry a new, wider alignment of Walnut Street slightly to the east of its original course. The new bridge is of plate girder construction over concrete abutments and piers. In 1983, Amtrak replaced the superstructure of the Poplar Street bridge and refurbished the piers and abutments.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The rail line through Wilmington, originally constructed by the Philadelphia, Wilmington and Baltimore Railroad in 1837, came under the control of the Pennsylvania Railroad (PRR) when it bought a controlling interest in the PW&B in 1881. As the PRR digested its Gilded Age acquisitions, freight traffic on its lines boomed, increasing by 64% between 1897 and 1902 in the recovery following the Panic of 1893. Longer, heavier, and more frequent trains pushed the railroad&#39;s existing infrastructure to its limits; however, they also brought an enormous increase in earnings. During the beginning of the 20th century, the PRR invested a portion of these profits in improving its rights-of-way and expanding capacity throughout its system.</p><br>
<p>An important component of these improvements was grade crossing elimination. In many of the cities served by PRR lines, the railroad tracks ran at ground level, crossing the streets at grade. As train speeds increased and traffic swelled, preventing grade crossing accidents became increasingly difficult. In Wilmington, the PRR had already built the Shellpot Branch in 1888 to divert through freight traffic through the sparsely developed marshes to the south of the city. However, many industries along the Christina waterfront still required local freight service, and congestion in the city streets remained a serious problem.</p><br>
<p>In February 1901, the PRRs Annual Report announced the railroads intention to make extensive improvements to its line between Philadelphia and Washington, DC. In Wilmington, the planned improvements included the double-tracking of the Shellpot Branch, the elevation of the main line through the city, and the construction of a new station along the elevated main line. The railroads shops were also to be moved from 3rd and Church Streets to Todds Cut, to the east of the city near Edgemoor. This would allow ample room to expand the shops, and would make room for a realignment of the main line to reduce curvature and increase train speeds.</p><br>
<p>The original plan for the viaduct called for a double-track structure, enclosed between two stone walls 12 and high, which would largely follow the previous alignment of the main line. The choice of stonework reflected prevailing practice on the PRR and its rival, the New York Central. The choice of stone, in preference to steel bridges, reflected engineering conservatism on the part of the railroads, and also associated the railroad structures with a sense of permanency and a monumental aesthetic. The PRRs Chief Engineer, William H. Brown, was particularly known for his advocacy of stone construction, and it was under his direction that the railroads engineering department drew up the plans for the viaduct.</p><br>
<p>City streets were to be crossed by iron bridges, minimizing roadwork. The railroad originally planned to build iron bridgework to connect old and new segments of the main line during construction to minimize service disruptions. However, it was not required, because service was able to continue on the old main line without interruption. Plans also had to be altered in the West Yard area, where marshy ground dictated the construction of an arched viaduct rather than a fill. Construction commenced in the spring of 1902, starting in the area around Wilmington station and working outwards. Simultaneously, construction began from LANDLITH toward the Brandywine. The original completion date of mid-1905 was not met, The new swing bridge over the Brandywine was opened on March 1, 1906, however, the side of the new Wilmington station serving those tracks did not go into service until July 7, 1908.</p><br>
<p>As early as 1918, the PRR had begun electrifying some of its lines radiating from Philadelphia to replace steam trains with double-ended multiple unit cars to ease congestion at its terminal. Extension of the electrification program to Wilmington was announced on March 25, 1926, and electrified local service opened on September 30, 1928.</p><br>
<p>The PRR continued to operate service over the viaduct until its 1968 merger with the New York Central Railroad to form the Penn Central Transportation Company. After the bankruptcy of Penn Central in 1976, the viaduct, with the rest of the Northeast Corridor, was transferred to Amtrak, which currently maintains and operates it.</p><br>
<p>Construction of the viaduct had a significant effect on the development of Wilmington. In addition to emphasizing the stability and importance of the PRR, the elevated fill both visually and spatially separated the Christina River waterfront from the rest of the city north of Front Street. It served to both maintain and screen the heavy industries that grew up along the waterfront during the 20th century. With the passing of these industries and the redevelopment of the Wilmington waterfront, the viaduct now forms one boundary of the city&#39;s riverfront district.</p><br>
<p>Anderson Barn, near Hitchcock in Beadle County, South Dakota, is a barn built in 1885 by Bengt Anderson. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2003.</p><br>
<p>It was built to house livestock and horses. It is notable as an example of a feeder barn.</p><br>
<p>It has a gable roof with asphalt shingles as of 2003, over sides covered mostly by tongue and groove wood siding, on a poured concrete foundation. Its north side has 8 by doors on tracks. In 2003 its interior featured a 30 ft manger, and was mostly unchanged except it had a poured concrete floor. Its loft can store 40 ST of hay.</p><br>
<p>Davidson House is a historic home located near Troutman, Iredell County, North Carolina. The original section was built about 1805, and enlarged and remodeled in the Federal period about 1830. It is a -story, two bay by two bay, log dwelling sheathed in weatherboard. It has a hall and parlor plan, front shed porch, rear shed rooms and porch, and a single should brick chimney. Also on the property is a contributing two-story three-bay wide, half-dovetail log barn.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.</p><br>
<p>The Jefferson Hotel in Shreveport, Louisiana is a four-story brick railway hotel that was built in 1922. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989. It also became a contributing property of Shreveport Commercial Historic District when its boundaries were increased on.</p><br>
<p>It was designed by architect H.E. Schwartz and served the travelers of Union Depot Station, which was located across the street, until its demolition in 1972. Alterations, particularly to the exterior, have been minimal since its construction.</p><br>
<p>Holy Trinity Catholic Church in Shreveport, Louisiana was built in 1896. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984. The current structure is the third church, with the first being constructed in 1856 by Fr. Jean Pierre, who became the first pastor. During the city&#39;s Yellow Fever epidemic of 1873, Fr. Jean Pierre and his assistant pastor, Fr. Isidore Quemerais, both gave their lives while caring for the sick and dying.</p><br>
<p>The church also became a contributing property of Shreveport Commercial Historic District when its boundaries were increased on.</p><br>
<h2>Interior</h2><br>
<p>The Romanesque Revival interior of the church. Note the Communion Rail, as it is one of the last fully present Communion Rails in a Catholic church in the City of Shreveport. The side Altars are not original to the church. The two Gothic Revival side Altars are from a former church in the area. The church was extensively renovated and restored under Monsignor O&#39;Hanlon starting in the 1970s.</p><br>
<p>Guy House, located at 309 Pine Street, Natchitoches, Louisiana, United States, is a one-and-a-half-story Greek Revival house built in c.1850 by Samuel Eldridge Guy. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.</p><br>
<p>It is a "galleried cottage", i.e. a small house with a porch (gallery), with vernacular Greek Revival style as interpreted by local builders and carpenters in rural DeSoto Parish.</p><br>
<p>The front gallery has six Doric posts and end pilasters; there never was a rear gallery. It has chimneys at each of two gable end walls. The house originally had a central hall plan with two rooms on each side.</p><br>
<p>In 2002 the house was bought and moved from its original location near Mansfield, Louisiana to its actual site at 309 Pine Street, where is now hosting a bed and breakfast.</p><br>
<p>Farmers National Bank is a bank building in the village of Plain City in Madison County, Ohio, United States. The bank is located at the intersection of State Route 161 and Chillicothe Street. Built in 1902, it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1995.</p><br>
<h2>Early history</h2><br>
<p>The Farmers National Bank of Plain City was organized on August 6, 1900, with a capital stock of $25,000. In 1902, the bank built a brick building at the corners of what was then Post Road & Chillicothe Street. The building cost $15,289.27 to build, The bank&#39;s first president was William Atkinson,</p><br>
<h2>Recent history</h2><br>
<p>In 1993, Farmers National Bank was purchased by Park National Bank of Urbana, Ohio, and its name was changed to Citizens National Bank. This change also saw the arrival of the banks first computers, and the removal of the two.38 caliber revolvers kept behind the counter. In 1995, the building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places, and was featured on Union Countys Bicentennial Homes and Buildings tour in 2003. In 2004, Mary Mitchell, the president at the time, retired after a 60-year career at the bank, starting as a teller in 1944. In recognition of her career, Mitchells portrait was hung on the wall of the lobby opposite Atkinsons. On July 20, 2009, Park National again changed the name from Citizens National Bank to Security National Bank. On September 30, 2020, Park National Bank closed this branch, along with 20 other branches in Ohio, and, as of January 2021, the building is unused.</p><br>
<p>The bank is regionally famous for having never been successfully robbed, although there was one unsuccessful attempt in 1934. This is due in part to the lobby being separated from the tellers by a steel cage and 1 in thick bulletproof glass.</p><br>
<p>The Lincoln Building, also known as One Union Square West, is a Neo-Romanesque building at 1 Union Square West in the Union Square neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City. It is located at the northwest corner of Union Square West&#39;s intersection with 14th Street. Erected in 1889&ndash;1890 to a design by R. H. Robertson, it has a facade of masonry with terracotta detailing, and contains an interior structural system made of metal. The Lincoln Building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983, and is also a New York City Landmark.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The site of the Lincoln Building was initially part of a farm owned by Henry Spingler (or Springler). Union Square was first laid out in the Commissioners&#39; Plan of 1811, expanded in 1832, and then made into a public park in 1839. The completion of the park led to the construction of mansions surrounding it, which were largely replaced with commercial enterprises following the American Civil War.</p><br>
<p>The Lincoln Building was erected on the site of four other structures. According to the construction application submitted to the New York City Department of Buildings, the building was erected for one "Mr. Crawford", who was possibly tied to the Spingler family or the land&#39;s lessee. Ostensibly, the Lincoln Building was named for the statue of Abraham Lincoln in Union Square Park, directly across Union Square West.</p><br>
<p>The structure was designed by R. H. Robertson in 1887, though this date is incorrect, as indicated by construction records. but the Lincoln Building was ultimately completed during 1889-1890 as a nine-story structure. Early tenants were involved in a variety of trades; they ranged from architects, such as Alfred Zucker, to building-trade companies and garment companies. Tenants also included the New York Motion Picture Company, which opened an office in the building in 1910, and the Universal Film Manufacturing Company (later Universal Pictures), which was founded at the building in 1912. In the 2010s, lessees included an online restaurant-reservations company and a denim producer.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The Lincoln Building, at nine stories tall, is considered an early "transitional skyscraper", preceding Robertsons later commissions, which were true skyscrapers. As such, it was recognized by the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission as an official city landmark in 1988, and listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983. The Lincoln Buildings features included load-bearing walls of masonry, as in older structures, but also incorporated an interior frame composed of structural steel and cast iron, which would be a common feature in later skyscrapers.</p><br>
<h3>Form</h3><br>
<p>The Lincoln Building was designed with a base, shaft, and capital, similar to the components of a column. This format of articulation was later used in true skyscrapers. It incorporates two-story arcades to draw vertical emphasis to the building, but also includes stacked floors for horizontal emphasis. The three-part articulation format was also used in the Judge Building (1888-1890) and in the old New York Times Building (1888-1889).</p><br>
<h3>Facade</h3><br>
<p>The Lincoln Building contains seven vertical architectural bays along the 14th Street facade to the south, and four bays on the Union Square West facade to the east. The ground floor contains storefronts and is the only part of the building that has been significantly modified from its original design. On the floors above, the architectural bays facing 14th Street appear to be wider than those facing Union Square, and the style of fenestration or window arrangement is different for each floor.</p><br>
<p>The second through fourth floors are office floors, faced with limestone, with a cornice running above the fourth floor. The second and third floors comprise an arcade with smooth piers made of limestone underneath rocky arches. Each of the bays contain two rectangular windows on the second floor and one wide arched window on the third floor. On the fourth floor, each bay has a pair of thinner arched windows, separated by a column. The northeast and southeast corners of the building contain three-story colonettes that span the second through fourth floors, which are topped by foliate capitals.</p><br>
<p>The fifth floor is faced with smooth limestone and brick. The facade contains a belt course on top of the fifth floor, which projects slightly. The sixth and seventh floors also comprise an arcade, similar to the second and third floors, but with a smooth brick face. A cornice runs atop the seventh story, and the southeast corner of the building also contains a molding at the cornice.</p><br>
<p>The eighth floor contains two round-arched windows in each bay. The upper half of this floor contains moldings with Celtic and Byzantine-style guilloché designs. The ninth story contains a loggia with rectangular windows each separated by two terracotta spiral columns, while the attic contains a ovolo molding.</p><br>
<h2>Critical reception</h2><br>
<p>Architectural criticism of the Lincoln Building was mixed. Montgomery Schuyler, writing for Architectural Record, said that he appreciated "the picturesque features in which other work abounds", but noted in particular that the Lincoln Buildings many horizontal layers "confuse the principal division". However, Engineering Magazine wrote that there was a "lack of unity" in the materials used for the facade. Conversely, Schuyler appreciated the manner in which Robertson juxtaposed the different materials in the facade, and the use of Romanesque detailing.</p><br>
<p>The Masten-Quinn House is located on First Street in the village of Wurtsboro, New York, United States. It is a wooden Greek Revival house built in two phases in the 1820s, the center of a farm that remained working until the mid-20th century. Today it is one of the few remainders from the area&#39;s agricultural past as a canal town.</p><br>
<p>Lawrence Masten, its builder and first owner, was able to take advantage of the nearby Delaware and Hudson Canal being routed through his property. In 2003 the house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places, the first and only property in the village so far listed.</p><br>
<h2>Building</h2><br>
<p>The house sits on a half-acre (2,000 m) lot, the remnant of the much larger original farm, at a bend in First Street. Willsey Brook bounds it on the south, and the canal bed, now dry and overgrown, is located in the woods a few hundred feet (approximately 100 m) to the east. The house itself is surrounded by tall trees, including a 175-year-old shagbark hickory tree to the southeast that has helped to date the house&#39;s construction.</p><br>
<p>It is one and a half stories high, five bays long by two deep. It is sided in clapboard, with a gabled roof pierced by a large fieldstone and brick chimney and shingled in asphalt, decorated with a wide frieze and molded cornice at the roofline. The entire structure is supported by heavy post-and-beam timber framing, partially supported by a fieldstone foundation.</p><br>
<p>A full-length veranda, with shed roof supported by plain wooden pillars and a concrete deck wraps around the eastern (front) and north facades. Two small shed-style wings project from the first story on the south side. The upper floor on the east face features eyebrow windows.</p><br>
<p>The large chimney divides the interior into two main spaces. There is a large kitchen in the northern section, created by removing one wall, but otherwise the original floor plan remains intact. The flooring, too, is original wide planking, but very little original furnishing remains otherwise.</p><br>
<p>There is a single outbuilding, a one-story frame gable-roofed structure originally used as a chicken coop. It was moved to the property when the former farm was subdivided, in order to preserve it. It is considered a contributing property to the National Register listing.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Lawrence Mastens grandfather Johannes was an early Dutch settler in the narrow Basha Kill valley between the Shawangunk Ridge and Catskill Plateau. His 1,000 acre farm produced several hundred bushels of wheat annually during the late 18th century, most of it harvested by Mastens slaves, said to be the most owned by any one man in what became Sullivan County.</p><br>
<p>In his declining years he divided his holdings among his sons. Jacob Masten, Lawrence&#39;s father, received some in the early 19th century, and again in 1830. Father transferred more to son in the 1830s, including the land on which he had already built his house, building the farm to a total of 100 acre.</p><br>
<p>Masten and his wife Maria are believed to have built the first part of their homestead sometime after their marriage in 1821. This was the southern block, 25 by. The chimney was at that time on the north exterior of the house. Shortly afterwards, the northern block was constructed, doubling the size of the house. At this time the porch and roof decoration were added.</p><br>
<p>A few years later, in 1825, the newly chartered Delaware and Hudson Canal Company obtained an easement from the Mastens and began digging the canal a short distance away. When completed and opened in 1828, this allowed Masten access to goods and markets for his dairy products far from the town of Mamakating, such as Kingston to the north and the communities along the Delaware River in western Sullivan County.</p><br>
<p>In 1848, Masten built a barn. He made few other modifications to the property, and passed it along to his son Hiram in 1876. It remained in the Masten family for another two decades, until 1895. Afterwards it passed through several different owners until becoming property of John and Kate Linton in 1909. They continued to own it until Johns death in 1948 (his wife predeceased him), when it was passed to his wifes nephew Joseph Quinn. Its interesting to note that the house never contained an indoor toilet until after Lintons death, as he felt that the practice was unsanitary. The Linton&#39;s were buried in Sylvan cemetery.</p><br>
<p>Mr Quinn never farmed the property, but lived there as a bachelor until his death in 1981 at which point it was passed to his brother James. The barn was torn down in the 1970s. In 1995, James Quinn and his wife Gloria sold the house and surrounding 7 acre to a developer, who then sectioned off the half-acre the house rests on and sold it to Michael Roosa, who is credited for saving the house from demolition. After an extensive renovation, the house was listed on the National Historic Register. In 2008, Michael and his wife Monika constructed a two car garage on the property, which was designed to match the style of the homestead. In January 2018 the home was purchased by Michael and Amanda Spanakos.</p><br>
<p>East Main Street Historic District in Danville, Kentucky is a historic district that was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.</p><br>
<p>The district includes part or all of an area originally called "Otter&#39;s Addition". The Reid House is one example of Queen Anne architecture in the district, which was supported by the completion of the Danville railway which then facilitated use of pre-cut architectural woodwork details in construction in the area.</p><br>
<p>The Lambert House is a historic house at 204 West Jackson Street in Monticello, Arkansas. The Colonial Revival house was built in 1905 to a design by noted local architect S. C. Hotchkiss. It was built for Walter Lambert, who owned one of Monticello&#39;s first grocery stores. The two-story wood-frame house is roughly rectangular in shape, with projecting gable sections and a rear ell. Its main facade is dominated by a two-story portico, whose second story has been enclosed as a sunroom. The lower portion of the portico is supported by granite columns, and the entablature is supported by Ionic columns, which are still visible despite the sunroom conversion.</p><br>
<p>Also known as Miles House, it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.</p><br>
<p>The Rand Ranger Station is a Bureau of Land Management compound consisting of eight historic buildings located in the Rogue River-Siskiyou National Forest in southwest Oregon. It was built by the United States Forest Service and the Civilian Conservation Corps as a district ranger station for the Galice Ranger District. The ranger station property was transferred to the Bureau of Land Management in 1970. Today, the ranger station office serves as a visitor center. The Rand Ranger Station is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>President Theodore Roosevelt created the Siskiyou National Forest in 1906. In 1909, six ranger districts were established to manage specific areas within the National Forest. The Galice Ranger District was responsible for Forest Service lands in the Rogue River canyon including timber sales, trail construction, and fire suppression activities. Jesse P. Dewitt became the first district ranger. Because the Forest Service had trouble securing permission to build a rangers residence at the Rand site (which was owned by a local mining company), Dewitt was forced to live in a tent for eight years, from 1909 until 1916. In 1916, the mining company finally agreed to rent a small parcel of land to the Forest Service for one dollar per year. Construction on the rangers residence, district office, and a barn began in 1917. In 1932, the Rand mining claim expired, and the Forest Service took permanent control of the ranger station property.</p><br>
<p>The Civilian Conservation Corps was created in 1933. That same year, a Civilian Conservation Corps camp was established at Rand. Known as Camp 1650, it was initially staffed by 18 enrollees. While most of the Rand area projects were managed by the Forest Service, the Civilian Conservation Corps workers constructed buildings, built roads and trails, and developed campgrounds in the surrounding National Forest. The Civilian Conservation Corps troops also helped Forest Service employees fight wildfires during the summer months.</p><br>
<p>Following World War II, the Rand Ranger Station continued as the headquarters for Forest Service operations in the Rogue River canyon. During the postwar period, the Rogue River became a very popular area for fishing, hiking, camping, and boating. In 1958, the Forest Service added a new ranger residence and a bunkhouse for seasonal employees. In 1963, the Siskiyou National Forest closed the Rand Ranger Station and moved the Galice Ranger District headquarters to Grants Pass. The Rand complex was left unused except for several buildings that were leased by Oregon Board of Forestry and Bureau of Public Roads.</p><br>
<p>In 1970, the Bureau of Land Management acquired the Rand property from the Forest Service. Since then, the Bureau of Land Management has uses the site to issue float permits for the Rogue River, which is officially designated as a National Wild and Scenic River. In 1996, the Bureau of Land Management&#39;s visitor center that occupies the old ranger station office was named the Smullin Visitor Center in honor of William B. Smullin, a well known radio and television executive from southern Oregon.</p><br>
<p>While all of the buildings from Civilian Conservation Corps camp are now gone, the Forest Service structures built by Civilian Conservation Corps still exist and are in good condition. In fact, the Rand Ranger Station has changed very little since it was built; as a result, it provides visitors a glimpse into the past. Because of the rustic architecture of its buildings and the site&#39;s unique historic value as an early Forest Service ranger station, the 95 acre Rand compound was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on 10 June 1999.</p><br>
<h2>Structures</h2><br>
<p>The Rand historic structures were built in the Oregon rustic style between 1931 and 1936. The assistant rangers residence was built by the Forest Service in 1931. The ranger station garage was built in 1933. The range station office and the rangers residence were both begun in 1933 and completed in 1934. The barn, blacksmith shop, and gas house were built 1934. The fire warehouse was constructed in 1935, and the woodshed was built in 1936.</p><br>
<p>The Rand Ranger Station office is now a visitor center. In 2004, the Bureau of Land Management expanded the visitor center, adding 900 ft&sup2; of floor space to the building.</p><br>
<p>In addition to the historic structure at the Rand Ranger Station, there are two non-historic buildings located on the compound. The two non-contributing building are a third ranger residence and a crew bunkhouse, both built in 1958.</p><br>
<h2>Location</h2><br>
<p>To get to the Rand Ranger Station from Interstate 5, take the Merlin exit north of Grants Pass, Oregon, and follow the Merlin-Galice Road 19 mi west through the towns of Merlin and Galice. The Rand Ranger Station is located on the east side of the Merlin-Galice Road on the west bank of the Rogue River. Parking is available at the Smullin Visitor Center at the entrance to the compound.</p><br>
<p>The Smullin Visitor Center is open to the public during normal business hours every day from mid-May to mid-October. Office hours vary the rest of the year, so the Bureau of Land Management recommends that visitors call ahead during the off season. Visitors are welcome to take self-guided walking tours around the historic ranger station compound. However, the Smullin Visitor Center is the only building that is open to the public. Visitor must obtain permission from a Bureau of Land Management employee to enter the other historic buildings.</p><br>
<p>Boston Flour Mill is a historic gristmill in Shedd, Oregon.</p><br>
<p>It was built in 1863 and added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1979. It is part of the Thompson&#39;s Mills State Heritage Site.</p><br>
<p>The mill has been the site of field schools of both the historic preservation program and the archaeology program of the University of Oregon, in 2003 and 2005 respectively.</p><br>
<p>The Bancroft Trust Building, formerly the Dodge Block and Sawyer Buildings, is an historic commercial building at 60 Franklin Street in Worcester, Massachusetts. It is the result of combining the 1883 Sawyer Building with the 1869 Dodge Block, one of the few surviving buildings of Worcester&#39;s early industrial age. Both buildings were designed by Fuller & Delano of Worcester, and were combined into the Bancroft Trust Building in 1920. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2002.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Bancroft Trust Building is located at the southeast corner of Franklin and Portland Streets in the heart of Worcester, facing the city common. It is a four-story masonry structure, with its heritage as two separate building visible in the different exteriors of the two parts, with a unified presentation of the ground floor consisting of storefronts with large glass display windows set in metal frames, with black panels and a</p><br>
<h3>Dodge Block</h3><br>
<p>The Dodge Block forms the right side of the building. Its upper floors have windows set in segmented-arch openings, with stone blocks setting of the corners and keystone, and there is a band of rectangular panels above the top floor. The building has a rounded corner with an entrance at the angle. It was built in 1869 for Thomas Dodge, a prominent lawyer and inventor, whose office space occupied much of the second level. Each of the upper floors apparently had a single residential unit, although subsequent alterations to the interior mean its original layout is not known. It was also originally capped by a mansard roof, but it and the fifth floor under it were destroyed in a 1971 fire.</p><br>
<h3>Sawyer Building</h3><br>
<p>The Sawyer Building forms the left half of the building. It has a stylistically more complex five-bay facade, with a single storefront on the ground floor, and an entrance to the upper floors to its right, near the center of the combined buildings. Above the storefront, windows are grouped in pairs with tall stone lintels and thinner sills. The fourth-floor windows have segmented-arch openings headed by bricks, and there is a band of corbelling above. The entrance is flanked by stone pilasters and topped by a narrow stone portico with scrolled brackets. This building was built in 1882 for Stephen Sawyer, a local businessman who subdivided his house lot to build it. Like the Dodge Block, it was also built for retail space on the ground floor and residential spaces above.</p><br>
<h3>Combined</h3><br>
<p>By 1920, the Worcester Common had become almost exclusively office and retail space. The two buildings, originally separated by a narrow alleyway, were combined into single structure internally, bound together by filling in the alley with the present entrance bay. It was named after the Bancroft Trust Company, its principal occupant between 1922 and 1936.</p><br>
<p>The Helen Dodge Three-Decker is an historic three-decker house at 570 Pleasant Street in Worcester, Massachusetts. Built in 1912, the well preserved, architecturally eclectic building is representative of the final stages of three-decker development, and its penetration into the fashionable upper-class west side of the city. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Helen Dodge Three-Decker is located in a residential setting west of downtown Worcester, on the south side of Pleasant Street opposite the city&#39;s Newton Hill Park. It is a three-story wood-frame structure, with a gable-on-hip roof and a mostly clapboarded exterior. Prominent features of its front facade include an angled projecting rectangular bay on the left side, and a stack of three porches on the right. The porch is distinctive for its semi-circular arch openings, and there are bands of decoratively cut shingles between the floors.</p><br>
<p>The house was built about 1912, and was one of a number of more architecturally sophisticated three-deckers built on the city&#39;s fashionable west side, its middle-class working residents gaining access to the downtown via a streetcar line that ran down Pleasant Street. Its early residents included clerks and telephone operators.</p><br>
<p>The Thomas F. Doran Three-Decker is an historic three-decker in Worcester, Massachusetts. The wood-frame building was built c. 1894, and is one a few well-preserved Stick style three-deckers in the city. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Thomas F. Doran Three-Decker is located in a densely built residential area west of downtown Worcester, on the south side of John Street between North Ashland and Wesby Streets. It is a three-story wood-frame structure, with a mostly clapboarded exterior. It has molding strips between the floors, and a hip roof with bracketed eaves. The front facade has a projecting square bay whose gable end contains spindle woodwork in a sunburst pattern. The porch is also decorated with a spindled frieze and brackets. Its sash windows are framed by bracketed sills and lintels.</p><br>
<p>The house was built about 1894, during a westward push of triple-decker development in the city which began to penetrate into the more fashionable and upper-class western residential parts of the city. Early residents were typically Irish, and either white-collar or skilled blue-collar laborers. Thomas Doran, its first owner, was stage manager at a local theater, and also owned an adjacent house. Early tenants included a laborer and a gas station operator.</p><br>
<p>The Dowley-Taylor House is a historic house at 770 Main Street in Worcester, Massachusetts. Built in 1842 to a design by architect Elias Carter, it is one of the best-preserved high-style Greek Revival mansions in the city. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Dowley-Taylor House is set on the north side of Main Street, south of Worcester&#39;s downtown business district. It is a large two story rectangular block with a hip roof topped by an oversized cupola with a surrounding porch. Its front facade consists of a full height portico supported by Corinthian columns. The front door is centered on the five-bay facade, surrounded by sidelight and transom windows and topped by an elaborate entablature supported by pilasters. The building corners are pilastered, and the windows of the front are framed by moulded caps. The house originally had a parapete crowned by an eagle, but that was removed at some point.</p><br>
<p>The house was built in 1842 to a design by Worcester architect Elias Carter, and is the best-preserved of a small number of surviving Greek Revival mansions in the city. It was first occupied by Levi Dowley, a leathermaker and banker. After financial reverses, he sold it to armsmaker Ethan Allen, who moved it to its present location in 1853. It was owned for a time by Frank H. Kelley, who served as mayor of Worcester. In 1882 the house was purchased by Ransom Taylor, a prominent local real estate developer. It remained in Taylor family hands until 1957, when it was sold to Worcester Junior College, which adapted it for classroom use.</p><br>
<p>The former Downing Street School, now the Traina Center for the Arts of Clark University, is a historic school building at 92 Downing Street in Worcester, Massachusetts. Built in 1891 to a design by Boston-based architect William Forbush, it is a high-quality local example of Romanesque Revival architecture. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture and history</h2><br>
<p>The Traina Center is located on the east side of Downing Street in southern Worcester, just north of the central campus of Clark University. It is a two-story brick building, with a hip roof and trim of granite and yellow brick. Its principal feature is a projecting section on its main facade, which has a three-story central rounded section. This is flanked by two-story projecting sections with large round-arch openings that shelter the building entrances. A rusticated stone beltcourse separates the basement from the first floor, and similar stone is used for the window sills, and some of the window lintels on the rounded section. Arched windows and openings are highlighted in yellow brick, which is also used for some window lintels, and a frieze band above the second floor.</p><br>
<p>The building was built in 1891 to a design by Boston-based architect William Forbush. Forbush, about whom little is known, is also credited with the design of the Abbott Street School, which is similar to this one. It was used as a public school until at least 1980. Today it serves as the Traina Center for the Arts of Clark University; it houses an art gallery, and the university added a performance space to the rear of the building.</p><br>
<p>The Elvira Drew Three-Decker is an historic three-decker in Worcester, Massachusetts. Built c. 1904, it represents part of a trend of building the form, traditionally associated with working-class housing, into the fashionable west side of the city. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990, but its historic integrity has been compromised by the application of modern siding.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Elvira Drew Three-Decker is located in a densely built residential area west of downtown Worcester, on the west side of Abbott Street near its southern end. It is a three-story wood-frame structure, with a gabled roof and exterior now finished in modern siding. The front facade has a projecting window bay on the left, and a three-story porch stack on the right, whose porches extend beyond the left bay. When the house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990, Many of these details have subsequently been lost or covered over (see photo).</p><br>
<p>The house was built about 1904, after streetcar service had been introduced on nearby Chandler Street. Introduction of that service prompted a wave of three-decker development on the city&#39;s otherwise fashionable upper-class west side, and those built tended to attract white-collar workers employed downtown. Nothing is known of Elvira Drew, its first owner who was apparently absentee; its early tenants included accountants, clerks, stenographers, and salesmen.</p><br>
<p>The David Dworman Three-Decker is a historic triple decker in Worcester, Massachusetts. Built in 1926 for the builder&#39;s family, it is a remarkably well-built and preserved example of a Craftsman style triple decker. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The David Dworman Three-Decker is located in Worcester&#39;s southern Vernon Hill neighborhood, on the east side of Providence Street (Massachusetts Route 122A) opposite Vernon Hill Park. It is a three-story wood frame structure, with a hip roof, from which a three-window shed-roof dormer projects. The ground floor is finished in wide wooden clapboards, while the upper floors are finished in wooden shingles. The main facade is asymmetrical, with a recessed porch stack on the left and bands of four sash windows on the right. The porches feature square columns set above the enclosed balustrades. There is a projecting rectangular bay on the side, with bands of three sash windows at each level, and a pedimented gable above that has a diamond-light window at the center.</p><br>
<p>The triple decker was built c. 1926 by David Dworman, a major developer of the Vernon Hill area, for the family&#39;s use. The Dwormans were responsible for building a number of triple deckers in the Woodford Street area just to the east. In addition to the Dwormans, early residents included merchants and salesmen.</p><br>
<p>The Norcross Factory is a historic building at 10 E. Worcester Street in Worcester, Massachusetts. Built in stages beginning 1863, this structure includes one of the city&#39;s oldest school buildings, the East Worcester Grammar School, and represents an adaptive reuse of the building, serving from 1893 to 1918 as the main facility of the Norcross Brothers, a firm best known for its construction of H. H. Richardson designs. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The former East Worcester School and Norcross Factory is set on Worcesters east side, at the junction of Shrewsbury Street and East Worcester Street, just north of Worcesters main railroad yard and east of Interstate 290. This three story brick building was built in three stages, between 1863 and 1893. The oldest portion, the westernmost part of the structure, was originally built as a schoolhouse, and is one of the oldest surviving school buildings in the city. It was designed by E. Boyden & Son, based on an earlier school (no longer extant) on Salem Street. This section has a hip roof, paired entrances on the north and south facades, and granite window surrounds. It served as the East Worcester Grammar School until 1893.</p><br>
<p>The school was purchased by the Norcross Brothers in 1893, and connected via additions to a planing mill they had built on an adjacent parcel in 1880-81. Both the additions and the planing mill are modest three-story brick structures, with flat roofs, corbelled cornices, and sandstone trim. This space was then used by the Norcrosses to as office space, and factory space in which they manufactured architectural building parts, including doors and window sashes, until 1918.</p><br>
<p>The Elizabeth Street School is a historic school building at 31 Elizabeth Street in Worcester, Massachusetts. Built in 1893, it was one of the first commissions for the city by local architect George Clemence, and is stylistically an eclectic mix of Romanesque and Renaissance Revival styles. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980. It has been converted into residences.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The former Elizabeth Street School is located in central eastern Worcester, in a residential area south of Massachusetts Route 9. It is bounded on the west by Elizabeth Street and the south by Reservoir Street. It is a two-story brick structure, consisting of two rectangular sections, the southern one larger than the northern, joined by a narrow section that continues south of the larger one. Square entry towers, capped by pyramidal roofs, project from these narrower sections. The largest section has a hip roof, from which eyebrow dormers project, while the smaller section, also with a hip roof, has a single hip-roof dormer. Entrances are set in round-arch openings in each tower, with tripled narrow round-arch windows above. A stringcourse of corbelled brickwork separates the two floors, and there is decorative paneled brickwork between the second floor and the roofline, with blind arches above some of the windows.</p><br>
<p>The school was built in 1893, when Worcester architect George Clemence was in the first year of what would be a highly successful practice. Unlike the Dartmouth Street School, another Clemence design, this school was not enlarged, probably because the neighborhood in which it was built was already completely built out at the time of its construction. The school has been converted to condominium residences.</p><br>
<p>Elm Park is an historic park in Worcester, Massachusetts.</p><br>
<p>The land the park resides on was purchased in 1854, making it one of the first public purchases of land expressly intended for use as a municipal park in the United States, after Bushnell Park in Hartford, purchased earlier that year. (This is not to be confused with the oldest public park, Boston Common, established in 1634.)</p><br>
<p>Elm Park originally consisted of the land bordered by Park Avenue, Russell Street, Elm Street and Highland Street. In 1888, Newton Hill, just across Park Avenue, was purchased by the City of Worcester bringing the total park area to 60 acre. The original portion of Elm Park (east of Park Avenue) was, up until the 1890s, merely more than pasture land. Beginning in 1909, it was redesigned and landscaped by the Olmsted Brothers firm. The firm landscaped additional elements in 1939–1941.</p><br>
<p>The park contains meandering walking paths through the landscaping, a pond crossed by two iconic footbridges and a playground. The Newton Hill portion of Elm Park (west of Park Avenue) remains far less landscaped and contains basketball and tennis courts, walking trails and also Doherty Memorial High School, a high school within the Worcester Public Schools system. St. Spyridon Greek Orthodox Cathedral (founded around 1920) is located adjacent to the park on Russell Street. Grace Christian Center, formerly Park Congregational Church, is also located across from the park at the corner of Russell and Elm Streets. That church was built in the early 1880s, when the Worcester City Missionary Society recommended that a Congregational church be established on the West Side.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1970.</p><br>
<h2>Photos</h2><br>
<p>The Elm Street Historic District encompasses a collection of high-style Queen Anne Victorian three-decker houses in Worcester, Massachusetts. Normally a building style intended for occupation by the working classes of the city, these stylish buildings were built 1904–06 facing Elm Park on the fashionable west side, and attracted a higher class of occupant. The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>For most of the 19th century, Worcesters west side was the preferred neighborhood for the citys fashionable and upper-class residents. With the development of the trolley network into the area, it became a target for higher-end multiunit housing. Charles Bowker, a local real estate developer,</p><br>
<p>built a series of five three-deckers in 1904-06 as rental properties on the south side of Elm Street, facing Elm Park to the north. Members of the Bowker family occupied one of the buildings, while the others were rented to mainly white collar workers, including real estate agents, bookkeepers, and accountants. Other developers also built similar houses along the same block.</p><br>
<p>The historic district extends for most of a city block, extending along the south side of Elm Street between Hudson and Russell Streets. The nine buildings in the district are of wood frame construction, and follow the typical forms of three-deckers elsewhere in the city, albeit on a more generously sized scale. Front porches on several of the buildings extend across the entire front, and some wrap around to one side; several of these retain original elaborate balustrades. Two nearly identical buildings near the western end of the district feature project semicircular corner bays with conical turrets.</p><br>
<p>English High School is an historic high school building at 20 Irving Street in Worcester, Massachusetts. Built in 1891, it is a prominent local example of Romanesque Revival architecture, designed by the local form of Barker & Nourse. It served the city as a high school until 1966, and has housed school administration offices since then. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The former English High School building is located a few blocks west of Worcester City Hall, at the northwest corner of Irving and Chatham Streets. It is a large three-story building, built out of brick with sandstone trim. The Romanesque Revival building has rectangular massing, with entrances on Chatham and Irving Streets and a five-story, hip roofed chateau-style tower on the corner. The tower features elaborate brick corbelling, gabled wall dormers on each face, and a ring if iron cresting at the top of the roof. Gable sections have decorative brickwork, and the third story windows have arched heads, a feature continued in other parts of the building&#39;s exterior and interior.</p><br>
<p>The building was constructed in 1891-92 to a design by Barker & Nourse, who featured it in their trade catalog. It was the city&#39;s second high school building; the first, designed by H. H. Richardson, is no longer standing. In 1914, English High School was abolished, and the Classical High School moved from the Richardson building into this building. In 1966 Classical was merged with the High School of Commerce, which had occupied the old Richardson building. The merged schools were relocated to the Doherty Memorial High School on Highland Street. Since that time the building has served as the Durkin Administration Building of the Worcester Public Schools.</p><br>
<p>The building served as a high school building until 1966, and as school offices thereafter.</p><br>
<h2>Notable alumni</h2><br>
<p>William Howland (1871–1945), operatic bass, voice teacher, composer, conductor and university administrator. Graduated 1889.</p><br>
<h2>Notable faculty</h2><br>
<p>G. David Houston (1880-1940), Professor of English at Howard University.</p><br>
<p>The Enterprise Building is an historic commercial building at 540 Main Street in Worcester, Massachusetts. When it was built in 1900, this five story brick building achieved notice for its elaborate Beaux Arts decorations. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Enterprise Building is located in downtown Worcester, on the west side of Main Street, roughly opposite its junction with Federal Street. It is a narrow five-story structure, its facade just two bays wide. The ground floor has a single modern storefront, which is topped by a metal cornice. The second floor has four sash windows separated by round columns and topped by a frieze band. The third and fourth floors each have two slightly projecting polygonal bay windows, with the bays separated and flanked by pilasters topped with limestone cartouches. The fifth floor has round-arch windows with terra cotta surrounds and swag panels, and is topped by band of dentil moulding and a pressed metal cornice.</p><br>
<p>The building was constructed in 1900 to a design by Fuller & Delano, a prominent local firm. It was built for William Dexter, a prominent local real estate developer who owned the adjacent buildings; according to building permits it was intended as an annex to those, but it is substantially more architecturally sophisticated.</p><br>
